Presentation of a new magnetic field therapy system for the treatment of human solid tumors with magnetic fluid hyperthermia

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Abstract

Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) selectively heats up tissue by coupling alternating current (AC) magnetic fields to targeted magnetic fluids, so that boundaries of different conductive tissues do not interfere with power absorption. In this paper, a new AC magnetic field therapy system for clinical application of MFH is described. With optimized magnetic nanoparticle preparations it will be used for target-specific glioblastoma and prostate carcinoma therapy.

Section snippets

Introduction and state-of-the-art

Hyperthermia intensifies the efficacy of radiation and/or chemotherapy. Due to technical and physical limitations, some regions of the body cannot be heated adequately with currently available hyperthermia systems or are only accessible by traumatic and highly invasive interstitial methods, e.g., like with brain tumors and locally advanced prostate carcinomas.

There has been much interest in using thermoradiotherapy in the treatment of primary brain tumors because patients treated conventionally

Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH): rationale and perspectives

MFH is a completely new approach for deep-tissue hyperthermia application because it couples the energy magnetically to nanoparticles in the target region, so that bone or boundaries of different conductive tissues do not interfere with power absorption as with E-field dominant systems used for e.g., regional hyperthermia [14], [15]. A further potential arises with magnetic nanoparticles we generated for certain types of cancer, e.g., glioblastoma and prostate carcinoma cells, which are taken

AC magnetic field application: the new clinical MFH therapy system

Besides biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles stabilized as a magnetic fluid, MFH requires also an AC magnetic field applicator system. Note that physical dimensions and field-frequency parameters must match the limitations given by eddy current heating of the highly conductive tissue as it was calculated earlier [15]. The technical and medical requirements of such an applicator system in terms of e.g., field homogeneity, accuracy of field strength and frequency, safety, choice of treatment

Phase I/II clinical concept for brain tumors

Candidates for MFH brain tumor application are circumscribed glioblastomas, brain metastases, residual disease after glioblastoma resection and recurrent brain tumors. Application to the brain implies moderate thermal dosage, i.e., ‘classical hyperthermia’ at temperatures of 42°C–45°C, because treatment volumes are larger than in the case of thermal ablation techniques (e.g., laser-induced thermal therapy). Thermal dose escalation is optional depending on toxicity and tolerance of the first MFH

MFH for locally advanced prostate carcinomas — a perspective

The use of interstitial MFH at temperatures of 43°C–47°C in thermoradiotherapy of locally advanced carcinoma of the prostate seems very promising. As described above, improvements in thermal homogeneity observed with MFH are expected to overcome limitations of treatment efficacy due to ‘cold spots’ within the target volume, which can be encountered using interstitial seeds. A current study confirmed a constant temperature within the prostate [18]. In a clinical setting, transperineal

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Bonn, Germany, SFB 273: ‘Hyperthermie: Methodik und Klinik’, Project A8.

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