ArticleCentral nervous system myelin deficit in rats exposed to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid throughout lactation
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2021, NeuroToxicologyCitation Excerpt :A decrease in brain UGT8 activity was also demonstrated after preincubation egg exposure (Duffard et al., 1987). Consistent with this data, myelin lipid deficits were observed in rats exposed to 2,4-D through late lactation (PND15−25) at a dose of 100 mg/kg (Duffard et al., 1996). This treatment reduced the levels of monohexosylceramides, phospholipids and free FAs, and increased cholesteryl esters, with a decreased myelin staining, proving a negative impact of 2,4-D during myelination period (Duffard et al., 1996).
Prenatal exposure to the herbicide 2,4-D is associated with deficits in auditory processing during infancy
2019, Environmental ResearchCitation Excerpt :Several toxicology studies support the hypothesis that 2,4-D may negatively impact myelination. Rat pups exposed postnally, during periods of rapid central nervous system (CNS) myelination, had significantly lower levels of myelin deposition (Rosso et al., 2000), significantly less expression of myelin-specific proteins, myelin compaction, and number of myelin sheets (Konjuh et al., 2008), and significant deficits in myelin markers and myelin volume in the brain (Duffard et al., 1996), when compared with unexposed controls. These studies indicate that 2,4-D exposure, during sensitive periods of brain growth, may negatively impact myelination, which could potentially affect the maturation and function of the auditory pathway.
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid containing herbicide impairs essential visually guided behaviors of larval fish
2019, Aquatic ToxicologyCitation Excerpt :In mammals, 2,4-D has been shown to disrupt the integrity of neural circuits’ cellular makeup. Rats chronically exposed to 2,4-D exhibit defects in their cerebral granule cells (Bongiovanni et al., 2007; Rosso, 2000), serotonergic neurons, and astroglial cells (Garcia et al., 2001) (Evangelista de Duffard et al., 1995a; Brusco et al., 1997), and show reduced myelination (Duffard et al.,1996). It has been proposed that 2,4-D negatively impacts the nervous system through its stimulation of neurotoxic free radicals (Bongiovanni et al., 2007) and oxidative stress (Atamaniuk et al., 2013).
Cell signaling mechanisms in developmental neurotoxicity
2017, Reproductive and Developmental ToxicologyPrenatal exposure to multiple pesticides is associated with auditory brainstem response at 9 months in a cohort study of Chinese infants
2016, Environment InternationalCitation Excerpt :Treatment with DZN did not have an overall effect on myelin gene expression, but elicited a statistically significant reduction in individual myelin-related gene expression (Slotkin and Seidler, 2007). Similarly, neonatal exposure to 2,4-D resulted in myelin deficits in the rat pup brain, as measured by protein expression (Duffard et al., 1996; Konjuh et al., 2008) and electron microscopy (Konjuh et al., 2008; Rosso et al., 2000), and alterations in behavior (Rosso et al., 2000). Taken together, these studies indicate that exposure to CPF, DZN, or 2,4-D during the developmental period corresponding to the onset of myelination can induce negative effects on myelin-related gene expression and function and myelination in the brain.