Trends in Plant Science
ReviewImpact of phyto-oxylipins in plant defense
Section snippets
Cytochrome-P450-dependent mono-oxygenases
The oxidation of fatty acids by a single oxygen atom is performed by cytochrome-P450-dependent mono-oxygenases, which catalyze in-chain and ω-hydroxylations of saturated and unsaturated C10 to C18 fatty acids. Recent cloning of fatty-acid hydroxylases from various plant species has revealed that these oxidases differ in their substrate specificity and in their regulation patterns [1]. It is believed that these enzymes play a role in preventing the potentially harmful effects of free-fatty-acid
Regulation of the phyto-oxylipin pathways
Recent analysis has shown that plants contain phyto-oxylipin pools of various sizes, conferring an oxylipin signature [42] on a given organelle, tissue, plant or species. Upon injury, pathogen attack or treatment with elicitors or signal molecules, a sudden and dramatic change in the composition of oxygenated fatty-acid derivatives occurs, often depending on the nature of the stress. For example, salicylic acid triggers an almost exclusive formation of hydroxy-fatty-acid derivatives in barley
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