Reflection and ReactionAlcoholism damages the brain, but does moderate alcohol use?
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Cited by (19)
TLR4 elimination prevents synaptic and myelin alterations and long-term cognitive dysfunctions in adolescent mice with intermittent ethanol treatment
2015, Brain, Behavior, and ImmunityCitation Excerpt :Reduction in gray matter, which is particularly evident in the PFC, is associated with the pruning of excess neurons (Paus, 2005), and with synapse stabilization. Concomitantly, the white matter volume and myelination of fiber tracts increases in the PFC during adolescence, event associated with enhanced neuronal conduction and communication (Barnea-Goraly et al., 2005; Giedd et al., 1999; Pfefferbaum, 2004). All these processes are an integral component of neurocognitive development and generate efficient information processing and improved cognition (Squeglia et al., 2013).
Impact of TLR4 on behavioral and cognitive dysfunctions associated with alcohol-induced neuroinflammatory damage
2011, Brain, Behavior, and ImmunityCitation Excerpt :Brain imaging techniques have revealed that chronic alcohol abuse induces changes in the brain morphology, including atrophy of the cortical and subcortical areas, thalamus, corpus callosum and cerebellum, and that the reduction of these brain areas seems to be related to the loss and disruption of white matter density (Harper and Matsumoto, 2005; Pfefferbaum et al., 2010). Some of these effects are associated with the impairment of cognitive and motor functions (Harper and Matsumoto, 2005; Pfefferbaum, 2004; Sullivan and Pfefferbaum, 2005). Although the neuropathological processes underlying ethanol-induced neural damage are largely unknown, recent studies suggest that ethanol can cause neuroinflammatory damage and possible neurodegeneration (Blanco and Guerri, 2007) by triggering cytokine release and free radical species (Qin et al., 2008; Valles et al., 2004; Zou and Crews, 2010).
Molecular targets of alcohol action: Translational research for pharmacotherapy development and screening
2011, Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational ScienceCitation Excerpt :These latter findings highlight the importance of detailed clinical information for an accurate assessment of individual variation in gene expression patterns. Analyses of postmortem brain of long-term alcohol abusers have reported neuronal loss in grey matter and loss of white matter volume.126,127,179–181 These devastating effects are not as severe in motor, temporal, or cingulate cortices, suggesting that alcohol-induced brain damage is potentially selective to brain regions.
The alcohol paradox: Light-to-moderate alcohol consumption, cognitive function, and brain volume
2014, Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences