ReviewMetabolic Syndrome and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-Analysis
Section snippets
Study Selection
An extensive literature search of the MEDLINE database (1966 to April 2005) was conducted using the Medical Subject Headings metabolic syndrome, syndrome X, cardiovascular diseases, and cohort studies. The search was restricted to studies conducted in human subjects. In addition, a manual search of citations from relevant original studies and review articles was performed. The contents of 120 abstracts or full-text manuscripts identified during the literature search were reviewed independently
Results
A total of 21 prospective cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis. Characteristics of the 21 studies and their participants are presented in Table 1. Among the 21 studies, 11 were conducted in the US and 10 in Europe. The number of participants ranged from 318 to 19,223. The ATP III criteria were used in 16 studies, whereas the WHO criteria were used in 5 studies. Two studies used both criteria. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome varied from 8.8% to 92.3%. However, the highest
Discussion
Diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension and obesity are well-known major cardiovascular risk factors. Many studies on the association of the metabolic syndrome and risk of cardiovascular disease have been published in recent years. Given the modifiable nature of the individual components and the increasing prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, research on the metabolic syndrome and ways to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease is mandatory to develop better prevention strategies.
Our
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Supported in part by grant number K12HD43451 from the National Institutes of Health to Dr. Reynolds.