Prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia in a large professional population in Beijing
Introduction
The metabolic syndrome (MS) was characteristic of elevations of apolipoprotein B, remnant lipoproteins and small LDL particles; reduced HDL cholesterol; elevated blood pressure; insulin resistance and glucose intolerance; and coagulation abnormalities. People with the MS were at increased risk for developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease as well as increased mortality from CVD and all causes. The Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (ATP III) highlighted the importance of treating patients with MS to prevent coronary heart disease [1].
According to NHANES III, an estimated 47 million U.S. residents had the MS. The age-adjusted prevalence for adults was 23.7%. The number of people with MS increased with age, affecting more than 40% of people in their 60s and 70s [2]. Limited information was available about the prevalence of the MS in China. Then the study was conducted to investigate the prevalence rate of MS and dyslipidemia in a population-based study in Beijing.
Section snippets
Study population
From September 2003 to July 2004, a total of 16,344 adults in Beijing (8803 males, 7541 females) aged 20–90 years who attended the medical examinations were recruited in the study, including corporation clerks, educational faculties (over 90%) and health officers. The majority of the subjects had received good education (over 3/4 were university men and graduate students). 9.9% used antihypertensive medication, 3.4% received hypoglycemic agents or insulin and 5.7% used hypolipidemic medication.
General features in the population
Table 1 showed the clinical features of the subjects.
The age-standardized prevalence rate of MS using ATP III and CDS criteria
The age-standardized prevalence of the MS using ATP III and CDS criteria in the study population was 8.6% and 12.2%, respectively. As shown in Fig. 1, the prevalence rate using CDS criteria was higher than that using ATP III criteria in both genders.
The prevalence rate of MS defined by CDS criteria is shown in Table 2. The prevalence increased with age in both genders. In males, the lowest prevalence was seen in the 20–29 age group (5.8%),
Discussion
MS was originally described by Reaven [5] as a quartet of hypertension, glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia (high TG, low HDL-C), with insulin resistance or hyperinsulinemia. Epidemiologic studies have shown that MS occurs in a wide variety of ethnic groups including Caucasians, African–Americans, Mexican–Americans, Asian-Indians and Chinese [6], [7], [8], [9]. The prevalence of the syndrome depends on the definition used. The World Health Organization (WHO) [10], the European Group for the
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