Original ArticlePartial Replication of a DRD4 Association in ADHD Individuals Using a Statistically Derived Quantitative Trait for ADHD in a Family-Based Association Test
Section snippets
Subjects and Sample Collection
The sample used in this research is a part of the International Multi-Center ADHD Genetics Project (IMAGE). Details of the subjects and sample collection for this study can be found elsewhere (20). Briefly, European Caucasian subjects were recruited from 12 specialist clinics in 8 countries: Belgium, Germany, Holland, Ireland, Israel, Spain, Switzerland, and United Kingdom. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from National Institutes of Health registered ethical review boards for each
Descriptive Statistics
The summary of the sample characteristics is given in Table 1.
FBAT-PC Analysis
Table 2 shows the five SNP/genetic model combinations selected through the screening procedure listed from highest to lowest power. Also presented are the number of informative families at each SNP, the genetic model, and the FBAT-PC p-value. SNP rs7124601 (physical location: 629273 bp [base pair]) achieves overall significance after adjusting for the five tests. The overtransmitted allele for rs7124601 was A. This SNP is located in
Discussion
Previous research used the novel analytic method, FBAT-PC, to identify an association between two SNPs in the DRD4 promoter region and heritable quantitative phenotypes based on nine inattentive and nine hyperactive-impulsive ADHD symptoms (16). Using an independent population that is substantially larger in size, we evaluated four SNPs in DRD4 using the same methodology. SNP rs7124601 was found to be associated with a phenotype generated using the FBAT-PC methodology. SNP rs7124601 is located
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