Archival ReportFunctional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlates of Emotional Word Encoding and Recognition in Depression and Anxiety Disorders
Section snippets
Participants
Three hundred and one native Dutch-speaking participants (233 outpatients with a half-year diagnosis of MDD and/or PD and/or SAD and/or GAD, and 68 control subjects) recruited from the observational Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) (31) were included and underwent magnetic resonance imaging in the Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Academic Medical Center (AMC) University of Amsterdam, or University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG). The ethical review boards of each
Sample Characteristics
Our final sample for the present report consisted of 215 participants, 51 with a diagnosis of MDD and no anxiety disorders (MDD), 59 patients with MDD and anxiety disorder(s) (comorbid depression-anxiety [CDA]), 56 patients with one or more anxiety disorder (PD, SAD, and/or GAD) but no MDD (ANX), and 49 control subjects. Groups were matched for age, education (years), sex, handedness, and scan site. Within diagnostic groups, SSRI users did not differ from antidepressant nonusers regarding scan
Discussion
In this study, we investigated the unique and shared fMRI correlates of mood-congruent and mood-incongruent word encoding and recognition in MDD and frequently co-occurring anxiety disorders, explicitly testing for the effects of their comorbidity and also controlling for symptom severity, regional brain volume, and SSRI use. Imaging results indicated that abnormal processing of positive information, as reflected in decreased hippocampal activation, may be regarded as a generic trait
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Authors M-JvT and LRD contributed equally to this work.