EditorialFrom Primary to Secondary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The Emerging Concept of Early Mechanical Reperfusion With Delayed Facilitated Stenting—When Earlier May Not Be Better
Section snippets
Prior Experience With Delayed Stenting
The findings reported by Tang et al. are biologically plausible and are consistent with similar previously published work (Table 2). Cafri et al. originally studied the consequences of delaying primary PCI in a cohort of patients with angiographically visible coronary thrombus.12 In their series, delaying the stent implantation for 5 days reduced the occurrence of thrombus-related angiographic events from 27% to 4%. In the largest study to date, Di Pasquale et al. compared the efficacy of
Future Directions
Data from the available studies of delayed PCI converge toward a few key principles (Fig. 1). Once flow has been emergently re-established (preferably by mechanical means such as thrombectomy or small-size balloon catheter deployment), a stent should be implanted in the immediate STEMI-PCI setting only when no residual thrombus is visible. In the face of significant residual thrombus burden, stents should be withheld until adjunctive anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapies have been
Funding Sources
Marc Jolicoeur is supported by the Montreal Heart Institute Foundation.
Disclosures
The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
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Cited by (19)
The Value of Deferred Stenting in Acute Myocardial Infarction: Can Minimalist Immediate Mechanical Intervention Do It All?
2016, Canadian Journal of CardiologyDelayed Stenting for ST-Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction in Daily Practice: A Single-Centre Experience
2016, Canadian Journal of CardiologyPre-angiography total ST-segment resolution is not a reliable predictor of an open infarct-related artery
2014, European Journal of Internal MedicineCitation Excerpt :Based on these data, and on the results of the present study, it appears that pre-angiography total STSR may not be a reliable indicator of the preserved flow in IRA. Thus, in order to select STEMI patients eligible for deferred stenting, a combination of pre-angiography total STSR and angiography-confirmed whether TIMI flow 3 is necessary [26,27]. Finally, diabetes mellitus was shown to be associated with coronary endothelial and smooth muscle dysfunction, diminished coronary flow reserve and a prothrombotic and inflammatory state all of which may lead to impaired myocardial perfusion [28–30].
Prasugrel versus clopidogrel in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction according to timing of percutaneous coronary intervention: A TRITON-TIMI 38 subgroup analysis (Trial to assess improvement in therapeutic outcomes by optimizing platelet inhibition with prasugrel-thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 38)
2014, JACC: Cardiovascular InterventionsCitation Excerpt :This secondary analysis of the TRITON–TIMI 38 trial is therefore informative because perception of a difference in treatment effect by PCI timing involving endpoints that included nonfatal MI may have appeared as a result of the inherent difficulty in distinguishing a recurrent primary procedural MI from one that develops later in the course of therapy when the increase and decrease in cardiac ischemia biomarkers is well established after initial STEMI presentation. Although it appears that the differential in assessment of procedural MIs explains any treatment differences observed, secondary PCI–managed STEMI patients may be a more select patient population who have greater benefit in the long term from more potent antithrombotic therapy at the time of PCI, with a more favorable risk balance for recurrent ischemia and spontaneous bleeding (17,20–22). This may in part reflect a treating physician's ability to select patients for invasive management who are at a low risk of bleeding; however, further prospective confirmation of this observation is required.
(See article by Tang et al. on pages 541-547 in this issue.)
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