Perisomatic inhibition and cortical circuit dysfunction in schizophrenia
Highlights
► Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are associated with altered gamma oscillations. ► Paralbumin basket neurons generate cortical gamma oscillations. ► In schizophrenia, inhibitory inputs from parvalbumin basket neurons are weaker. ► Altered inhibition may contribute to impaired gamma oscillations in schizophrenia.
Section snippets
Role of PV basket neurons in gamma oscillations
Cortical PV-containing GABA neurons consist of two major types: chandelier or axo-axonic cells which innervate the axon initial segment (AIS) of pyramidal neurons, and basket cells which innervate the cell body and proximal dendrites and spines of pyramidal neurons [20, 21, 22]. The location of these inputs onto the perisomatic membrane compartment indicates that both cell types are capable of activating relatively large GABAA receptor conductances near the site of action potential initiation
Alterations in prefrontal GABA neurons and gamma oscillations in schizophrenia
The findings reviewed above converge on the conclusion that perisomatic inputs from PV basket cells are the main source of GABAA receptor-mediated synchronization at gamma frequencies. This interpretation then raises the question of whether and how alterations in PV basket cells in the DLPFC of subjects with schizophrenia could provide the pathological basis for altered frontal lobe gamma oscillations. Because phasic excitation of PV neurons is thought to be required for gamma oscillations in
References and recommended reading
Papers of particular interest, published within the period of review, have been highlighted as:
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