Serum CRP levels are equally elevated in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance and related to adiponectin levels and insulin sensitivity
Introduction
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a most sensitive marker of inflammation. An association of CRP to the development of atherosclerotic disease has been observed in experimental and epidemiological studies [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. Recent studies have shown that elevation of CRP concentrations is an independent predictive parameter of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], which is also strongly associated with various components of the metabolic syndrome [11], [12], [13], [14].
Adiponectin is a 244 amino acid adipose-specific protein that has been shown to possess antiatherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties [15], [16], [17], [18] in addition to improving glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in mouse diabetic models [19]. Similarly, adiponectin is related to insulin resistance and adiposity in humans [20], [21], [22], [23], [24]. Recent study suggests that adiponectin is a protective factor against later development of diabetes [25]. A number of previous studies have reported that hs-CRP is inversely related to adiponectin and insulin sensitivity index (SI) in some subjects [26], [27], [28], [29], but few studies have examined these relationships in IGT and newly diagnosed type 2 DM subjects. In this study, we aimed to determine the levels of serum highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and adiponectin, assess SI and acute insulin response (AIR) in normal control (NC) subjects, patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and newly diagnosed type 2 DM, and further explore the possible correlation between hs-CRP and SI, AIR and adiponectin in IGT and newly diagnosed type 2 DM groups.
Section snippets
Subjects
Approval for the study was obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee, Shanghai Second Medical University. Informed consent was obtained from each of the participants. All participants were recruited at the Diabetes Center of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai, China. Subjects were classified into glucose tolerance stages according to World Health Organization (WHO) 1999 criteria [30]. Twenty-eight NC subjects, 31 patients with IGT, and 31 patients with
Results
The main characteristics of study population were listed in Table 1. Age and gender distribution did not differ among the groups by selection. Compared with NC group, the waist circumference (WC), BMI, WHR, SBP, TG, 2hPG, FINS and PSI in IGT and type 2 DM groups were significantly increased. WC and PSI in IGT were significantly higher than those in type 2 DM group, but no significant differences in BMI, WHR, SBP, FINS, TG and HDL-C were detected between these two groups. The FPG in type 2 DM
Discussion
Recent studies have shown that CRP is strongly associated with various components of the metabolic syndrome, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidaemia (elevated TG and reduced HDL-C) [11], [12], [13], [14]. The present results further confirmed that in subjects with IGT and type 2 DM, hs-CRP is strongly associated with various components of the metabolic syndrome. It is important to note, however, that the positive correlations between the FINS, PSI and hs-CRP levels probably
Acknowledgments
This work was funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30270626). There is no conflict of interest that would prejudice the impartiality of the research or a potential conflict of interest that is not fully declared within the text of the article.
We thank the participants who took part in this study.
References (42)
- et al.
Comparison of serum concentrations of C-reactive protein, TNF-alpha, and interleukin 6 between elderly Korean women with normal and impaired glucose tolerance
Diabetes Res Clin Pract
(2004) - et al.
Adiponectin, a new member of the family of soluble defense collagens, negatively regulates the growth of myelomonocytic progenitors and the functions of macrophages
Blood
(2000) - et al.
Paradoxical decrease of an adipose-specific protein, adiponectin, in obesity
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
(1999) - et al.
Adiponectin protects against development of type 2 diabetes in the Pima Indian population
Lancet
(2002) - et al.
Inflammation, obesity, stress and coronary heart disease: is interleukin-6 the link?
Atherosclerosis
(2000) - et al.
Role of adiponectin in preventing vascular stenosis-the missing link of adipo-vascular axis
J Biol Chem
(2002) - et al.
C-reactive protein frequently colocalizes with the terminal complement complex in the intima of early atherosclerotic lesions of human coronary arteries
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
(1998) - et al.
C-reactive protein, a sensitive marker of inflammation, predicts future risk of coronary heart disease in initially healthy middle-aged men
Circulation
(1999) - et al.
C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women
N Engl J Med
(2000) High-sensitivity C-reactive protein Potential adjunct for global risk assessment in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Circulation
(2001)
Inflammation and atherosclerosis
Circulation
C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus
J Am Med Assoc
The relation of markers of inflammation to the development of glucose disorders in the elderly: the Cardiovascular Health Study
Diabetes
C-reactive protein is an independent predictor of risk for the development of diabetes in the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study
Diabetes
Elevated levels of acute-phase proteins and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 predict the development of type 2 diabetes: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study
Diabetes
C-reactive protein as a predictor for incident diabetes mellitus among middle-aged men: results from the MONICA Augsburg cohort study
Arch Intern Med
Association between C-reactive protein and features of the metabolic syndrome: a population-based study
Diabetes Care
Elevated C-reactive protein: another component of the atherothrombotic profile of abdominal obesity
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
Association between fasting glucose and C-reactive protein in middle-aged subjects
Diabetic Med
An adipocyte-derived plasma protein, adiponectin, adheres to injured vascular walls
Horm Metab Res
Novel modulator for endothelial adhesion molecules: adipocyte-derived plasma protein adiponectin
Circulation
Cited by (64)
Comparing the effects of retro and forward walking on serum adiponectin levels in obese young adults
2023, Journal of Taibah University Medical SciencesThe effect of bariatric surgery on inflammatory markers in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
2018, Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and ReviewsCitation Excerpt :Obese patients were found to have lower levels of adiponectin [12]. There is an inverse relationship between adiponectin and CRP [13], thus a higher level of adiponectin is beneficial in terms of insulin sensitivity and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been acknowledged, that obese PCOS patients, have high CRP levels [14,15] and low adiponectin levels [16–18].
Emerging Role of Adipocytokines in Type 2 Diabetes as Mediators of Insulin Resistance and Cardiovascular Disease
2018, Canadian Journal of DiabetesDiabetes mellitus, blood glucose and the risk of atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies
2018, Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
- 1
These authors contributed equally to this work.