Asthma and lower airway diseaseThe causal direction in the association between respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization and asthma
Section snippets
Personal identification number
A unique identification number is assigned to every Danish citizen and registered in the Danish Civil Registration System (CRS; http://www.cpr.dk). The personal identification number serves as key reference to the individual citizen in all registries and provides a simple method for linking registry information. The CRS keeps daily updated demographic information inclusive of deaths and migration on all residents in Denmark.22 To adjust the analysis, information on sex together with information
Results
Among the included infants, 4.6% (848/18,614) had an RSV-associated hospitalization within their first 5 years of life. Of the infants, 5.9% (1014/18,614) were hospitalized with asthma, 13.2% (2307/18,614) used inhaled corticosteroids at least once, and in a subgroup of these, 7.3% (1273/18,608) used inhaled corticosteroids twice during any 1 year of their first 5 years of life. The occurrence in the cohort of RSV hospitalization and asthma by sex, zygosity, and age is presented in Table I.
Discussion
We examined the risk of asthma after RSV hospitalization and the risk of RSV hospitalization after asthma in a cohort of all Danish twins born alive between 1994 and 2004 and followed from birth to 5 years of age. We found an increased risk of asthma after RSV hospitalization, in agreement with previous studies.8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 28 The risk of asthma depended on the time since the RSV hospitalization, with a 6-fold to 8-fold increase the first few months but only a slight increase after 1
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Supported by the Lundbeck Foundation, the Augustinus Foundation, and an unrestricted institutional grant from MedImmune.
Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: V. Backer receives grant support from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, ALK-Abelló, and Novartis. H. Bisgaard has been a consultant to, has been a paid lecturer for, and holds sponsored grants from Aerocrine, AstraZeneca, Altana, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, MedImmune, NeoLab, and Pfizer; receives grant support from Aerocrine, AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, and MedImmune; and has provided legal consultation/expert witness testimony for NeoLab. The rest of the authors have declared that they have no conflict of interest.