Original articleDepression and Anxiety in Adolescent Females: The Impact of Sleep Preference and Body Mass Index
Section snippets
Sample and procedures
The current cross-sectional study examines baseline data from a 3-year cross-sequential study [28], [29] examining the effects of health behaviors (i.e., cigarette smoking, depression, and anxiety) on growth and development (R01DA16402). Adolescent females ages 11, 13, 15, and 17 were recruited from a mid-Western, urban teen health center and the surrounding community to complete screening questionnaires on health behaviors. The screening questionnaires were administered by phone or in person
Descriptive statistics for demographic and primary variable
The total sample mean age was 14.9 (SD = 2.2) years, and mean SES was 37.4 (SD = 13.6). More participants were Caucasian (62.1%) or African American (32.6%) than other ethnicities or those reporting mixed race (5.3%). Descriptive statistics for the demographic and primary variables are listed in Table 1.
Demographic and primary variable group differences between normal-weight and overweight females
The results indicated significant differences between normal-weight females and overweight females for minority status, SES, pubic hair stage, breast stage, age at menarche, and BMI (Table 2).
Discussion
To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine depressive symptoms and anxiety by sleep chronotype and BMI group in adolescent females. As expected, differences between normal-weight and overweight females were observed. Overweight females were more likely to be non-Caucasion and have a number of risk factors for various health and developmental problems, such as more mature pubertal stage, and lower SES.
The association between body mass index and psychological well-being across the life
Acknowledgments
Financial support was from a grant received by Dr. Lorah D. Dorn (R01DA16402) from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The study was also supported by USPHS GCRC Grant #M01 RR 08084 from the National Center for Research Resources, NIH. No other support was received by any of the authors.
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