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Significance of the expression of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3, -Akt, and -cyclin D1 in angiosarcoma

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Cited by (9)

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    From the literature, angiosarcoma often shows an activation of the Akt/mTOR pathway [22]. Additionally, it has been shown that PI3K mutations can cause up-regulation of the Akt pathway in angiosarcoma, which was demonstrated in an animal model [23] The Akt/mTOR pathway has become a recent focus of targeted therapy in angiosarcoma [24] STAT3 has also been identified as being overexpressed in angiosarcoma [25] The significance of the Akt/mTOR and STAT3 pathways in angiosarcoma is that Akt and mTOR can regulate angiogenesis and STAT3 can regulate the transcription of many genes such as vascular endothelial growth factor and cyclin D1, which may disturb the cell cycle when overexpressed [26]. In normal quiescent cells, ERK and mTOR are unphosphorylated and have a cytoplasmic localization, whereas in proliferating cells, these molecules become phosphorylated and transported to the nucleus where they can influence DNA transcription.

  • Autocrine and paracrine roles of VEGF/VEGFR-2 and VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 signaling in angiosarcomas of the scalp and face

    2010, Human Pathology
    Citation Excerpt :

    Although there was no difference in cyclin D1 expression between angiosarcoma and capillary hemangioma, its expression in these 2 tumors was significantly higher than that in cavernous hemangioma, indicating some possible contribution to tumor cell proliferation. However, it was reported that only 3 of 12 benign tumors (pyogenic granulomas and capillary hemangiomas) expressed Cyclin D1, which was a significantly lower percentage than angiosarcoma [24]. p21Waf1, p27Kip1, and p16INK4 are members of 2 families of CDK inhibitors that act in response to a variety of growth-modulating signals.

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