Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics
Original ArticleThe Effect of Sacroiliac Joint Manipulation on Feed-Forward Activation Times of the Deep Abdominal Musculature
Section snippets
Subjects
Ninety young male subjects (age, 20.1 ± 2.1 years; height, 1.79 ± .07 m; weight, 72.8 ± 8.5 kg) volunteered to participate in this study after responding to advertisements within the local university and sports clubs. From these results, 13 subjects (age, 19 ± 2 years; height, 1.77 ± 0.08 m; weight, 70.2 ± 8.9 kg) were further identified and volunteered to participate in the 6-month follow-up study. There were no significant differences in the descriptive statistics for the subjects after the
Assessment of Sacroiliac Joint Function
The 13 subjects who were retested after 6 months were screened before treatment to ensure they had clinical evidence of decreased sacroiliac joint movement. Although it is recognized that clinical tests of sacroiliac joint function have questionable reliability,17, 18, 19 these tests are still widely used clinically, and Flynn et al20 have adopted them as one of the criteria for a clinical prediction rule of whether a patient is likely to benefit from sacroiliac manipulation. To assess the
Latency Results
There were significant differences between all movement directions for the mean latency results (F267.2 = 58.35, P < .001, Table 1). The latency of the shoulder flexion task was significantly greater than shoulder abduction, and shoulder abduction was significantly greater than shoulder extension. The results in Table 2 indicate that the latency results for TrA/IO are highly reliable after a 6-month period. This is shown by an ICC of greater than 0.70 for all movement directions.
Assessment of Sacroiliac Joint Function
In all 13
Discussion
The results of this study provided support for the experimental hypotheses presented. It was found that 19% of asymptomatic subjects were identified with the sEMG technique as lacking feed-forward abdominal muscle activation, which was reproducible 6 months later. It was also demonstrated that there was a significant change in this delayed response after sacroiliac joint manipulation.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated an sEMG technique to reliably measure delayed activation of the TrA/IO signal during rapid upper limb movements, when measured 6 months apart. It also demonstrated that a sacroiliac joint manipulation can decrease the latency of TrA/IO during the shoulder flexion movement. This study has provided support for the theory that the TrA and IO are associated with the stability of the sacroiliac joint. Future studies will need to investigate whether the acute neuromuscular
Acknowledgement
The authors thank the Hamblin Chiropractic Research Fund Trust that provided preliminary funding for this project.
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