Original ArticleSerotype-Specific Hyporesponsiveness to Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Infants Carrying Pneumococcus at the Time of Vaccination
Section snippets
Methods
The immunogenicity and carriage study was nested within an individually randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III multicenter trial of 12194 children conducted in the Philippines in 2000–2004 and designed to evaluate the efficacy of the PCV-11 in reducing the incidence of community acquired, radiologically defined childhood pneumonia.17 Enrolled in the nested study were 1111 infants who were randomized to receive intramuscular injections of the study vaccine (n = 555) or saline
Study Cohort
Of the 555 PCV-11 recipients, 532 (96%) and 525 (95%) had carriage measurement available at 6 weeks and serum sample available at 18 weeks or 9 months of age, respectively, and fulfilled the criteria for inclusion in the analyses of this study (Table). The respective numbers among the 556 placebo recipients were 527 (95%) and 523 (94%). All carriers among PCV-11 recipients included in the study had received three doses of PCV-11 as PP. The median ages of children at vaccination and sampling
Discussion
In the present study we show found that carriage in early infancy of serotype 6B, 19F, and 23F pneumococci results in a significantly impaired serotype-specific antibody response to the PCV-11. The hyporesponsiveness is specific to the serotype carried in the nasopharynxgeal and immunization of carriers with the PCV-11 results in concentrations of specific antibodies that are similar to or insignificantly higher than in unvaccinated children. Because pneumococcal carriage, especially in the
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2020, VaccineCitation Excerpt :Data on the protection conferred by PPSV23 in low-income settings are also limited [30–32]. Furthermore, nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage in The Gambia remains ≥50% in adults of the age recruited to this trial and may impact not only natural, but also vaccine-induced serotype-specific pneumococcal immunity [33–36]. Nonetheless, the adult data support further assessment of SIIPL-PCV although they should be interpreted with caution given the small number of subjects evaluated.
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Supported by grants from European Commission DG Research INCO program (ICA4-CT-2002-10062), PATH (00-GAT.770-790-01115-LPS and 00-GAT.770-790-01115-LPS), and Academy of Finland (111042). The study sponsors had no involvement in study design, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. No honorarium, grant, or other form of payment was given to anyone to produce the manuscript. A.S. is a current employee of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Finland; H.K., and H.N. have provided consultancies on advisory boards for GSK Biologicals (GSK Bio) and Pfizer (H.N.) and had travels paid by GSK Bio and Pfizer (H.N.) as an invited speaker or expert at symposia. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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List of additional members of the ARIVAC Consortium is available at www.jpeds.com (Appendix).