The Increasing Prevalence of Diabetes in Pregnancy
Section snippets
Literature search
A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE using the following search criteria: “gestational diabetes” as a MeSH term or text word, combined with “epidemiology” as a subheading or MeSH term, “prevalence” as a MeSH term, or “trend” or “screening” as a text word. In addition, the search was limited to English-language articles published in the last 10 years (July 1st, 1996 through October 1st, 2006). These search criteria yielded 1025 articles. The lead author (KJH) reviewed either the abstract
Population-based studies
For purposes of this review, population-based studies were defined as studies that attempted to include a representative sample of the general population in a defined geographic area. Moreover, because the focus for population-based studies was having a representative study population, universal screening or testing for GDM was not required for inclusion in the review. Population-based studies of more than 500 individuals are summarized in Table 3. The prevalence of GDM varied depending upon
Discussion
In this study, the authors review studies published in the past 10 years that examine the prevalence and trends in the prevalence of GDM. In summary, the prevalence of GDM in a population is reflective of the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in that population; therefore, ethnic and racial populations that have a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes are at higher risk of GDM. In low-risk populations such as those found in Sweden, the prevalence in population-based studies is lower than 2% even when
References (126)
- et al.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus in minority children and adolescents. An emerging problem
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am
(1999) - et al.
Type 2 diabetes among North American children and adolescents: an epidemiologic review and a public health perspective
J Pediatr
(2000) - et al.
Obesity at the age of 50 y in men and women exposed to famine prenatally
Am J Clin Nutr
(1999) - et al.
Criteria for screening tests for gestational diabetes
Am J Obstet Gynecol
(1982) - et al.
Interaction of body weight and ethnicity on risk of gestational diabetes mellitus
Am J Clin Nutr
(1999) - et al.
Screening for gestational diabetes mellitus by a model based on risk indicators: a prospective study
Am J Obstet Gynecol
(2003) - et al.
Gestational diabetes in Iran: incidence, risk factors and pregnancy outcomes
Diabetes Res Clin Pract
(2005) - et al.
Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in southern Iran (Bandar Abbas City)
Endocr Pract
(2005) - et al.
Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in rural pregnant mothers in northern Ethiopia
Diabetes Res Clin Pract
(1999) - et al.
Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Kashmiri women from the Indian subcontinent
Diabetes Res Clin Pract
(2004)