Original communicationModification of intestinal flora with multispecies probiotics reduces bacterial translocation and improves clinical course in a rat model of acute pancreatitis
Section snippets
Animals
Male, pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley rats, 250 to 350 grams, (Harlan, Horst, The Netherlands) were kept under constant housing conditions (temperature, 22°C; relative humidity, 60%; and a 12-hour light/dark cycle) and had free access to water and food (RMH 1110, Hope Farms, Woerden, The Netherlands) throughout the experiment. Rats were allowed to adjust to these conditions for 1 week prior to surgery. The experimental design shown in Fig 1 was approved by the institutional animal care committee
Morbidity and mortality
After the start of daily placebo or probiotic administrations, physical behavior of all rats remained normal, resulting in maximal health scores from day -5 until day 0. The clinical response of the rats after induction of experimental pancreatitis followed a biphasic course. During the first 72 hours, the animals exhibited decreased grooming or motility and, to some extent, behavior associated with pain, despite analgesic administration during the first 48 hours. From days 3 to 5, surviving
Discussion
This is the first study to assess the potential of a specifically designed multispecies probiotic mixture to reduce bacterial translocation during acute pancreatitis. In this paper, we demonstrate that modification of intestinal flora with this probiotic mixture alters the course of experimental acute pancreatitis. Administration of the selected probiotic mixture resulted in the following: (1) reduced duodenal overgrowth of pathogens, such as E. coli; (2) reduced bacterial translocation to
References (58)
- et al.
Management of patients with extended pancreatic necrosis
Pancreatology
(2001) - et al.
Antibiotic prophylaxis in severe acute pancreatitis
Pancreatology
(2005) - et al.
Fungal infection in acute necrotizing pancreatitis
J Am Coll Surg
(1999) - et al.
Monostrain, multistrain and multispecies probiotics—a comparison of functionality and efficacy
Int J Food Microbiol
(2004) Bacterial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract
Trends Microbiol
(1995)- et al.
Early increase in intestinal permeability in patients with severe acute pancreatitis: correlation with endotoxemia, organ failure, and mortality
J Gastrointest Surg
(1999) - et al.
Mechanism of increased lung injury after acute pancreatitis in IL-10 knockout mice
J Surg Res
(1998) - et al.
Physiological and behavioural responses to duodenal pain in freely moving rats
Physiol Behav
(2004) - et al.
Antibiotic treatment improves survival in experimental acute necrotizing pancreatitis
Gastroenterology
(1996) - et al.
Frequency and time course of pancreatic and extrapancreatic bacterial infection in experimental acute pancreatitis in rats
Surgery
(2000)
Prevalence and prediction of multiple organ system failure and mortality in acute pancreatitis
J Crit Care
Pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis
Pancreatology
Prophylactic antibiotic treatment in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis: a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial
Gastroenterology
Acute necrotizing pancreatitis: treatment strategy according to the status of infection
Ann Surg
Pancreatic infection complicating acute pancreatitis
Br J Surg
Natural course of acute pancreatitis
World J Surg
Meta-analysis of prophylactic antibiotic use in acute necrotizing pancreatitis
Br J Surg
Intra-abdominal Candida infection during acute necrotizing pancreatitis has a high prevalence and is associated with increased mortality
Crit Care Med
Characteristics of infection with Candida species in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis
World J Surg
Fungal infections in patients with severe acute pancreatitis and the use of prophylactic therapy
Clin Infect Dis
Emergence of antibiotic resistance in infected pancreatic necrosis
Arch Surg
Randomized clinical trial of specific lactobacillus and fibre supplement to early enteral nutrition in patients with acute pancreatitis
Br J Surg
Prevention of infectious complications in surgical patients: potential role of probiotics
Dig Surg
Lactobacillus plantarum reduces infection of pancreatic necrosis in experimental acute pancreatitis
Dig Surg
Role of probiotics in food hypersensitivity
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol
Interdigestive small bowel motility and duodenal bacterial overgrowth in experimental acute pancreatitis
Neurogastroenterol Motil
T lymphocytes in host defense against bacterial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract
Infect Immun
Bacterial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract
Adv Exp Med Biol
Multisystemic production of interleukin 10 limits the severity of acute pancreatitis in mice
Gut
Cited by (111)
Preparation of type 3 rice resistant starch using high-pressure homogenous coenzyme treatment and investigating its potential therapeutic effects on blood glucose and intestinal flora in db/db mice
2024, International Journal of Biological MacromoleculesNonalcoholic fatty liver disease aggravates acute pancreatitis through bacterial translocation and cholesterol metabolic dysregulation in the liver and pancreas in mice
2023, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases InternationalRecent advances in the design and fabrication of probiotic delivery systems to target intestinal inflammation
2022, Food HydrocolloidsCitation Excerpt :For instance, it has been reported that changes in gut microflora can increase the level of Bacteroides (Wang, Zhai, Xia, Wang, Ruan, Zhou et al., 2019), increase the colonization of oral bacteria (Cao, 2017), decrease the level of Faecalibacterium and increase the levels of Collinsella aerofaciens and Eggerthella lenta in the GIT (Chen et al., 2016), all of which can cause intestinal inflammation. In addition, if harmful bacteria move from the duodenum to the pancreas, it can also lead to the development of pancreatitis (van Minnen et al., 2007). Probiotics have considerable potential to reduce these types of gut dysbiosis, but only if enough of them actually reach the large intestine and successfully colonize it.
Alteration of gut microbiota in acute pancreatitis and associated therapeutic strategies
2021, Biomedicine and PharmacotherapyCitation Excerpt :Lutgendorff et al. found that probiotics can increase the biosynthesis of glutathione and reduce oxidative stress both in pancreas [46] and ileum [47] in experimental AP. In addition, there is evidence showing that probiotics are effective in modulating gut microbiome, preserving intestinal epithelial barrier and cutting down the rate of bacterial translocation [48], which contribute to a reduction in the incidence of infectious complications in AP rats. Rychter et al. [49] found that prophylactic treatment with multispecies probiotics for 2 days rather than treatment after the induction of AP abolished intestinal barrier dysfunction in the late period of AP.
Gut-lung cross talk in COVID-19 pathology and fatality rate
2021, Data Science for COVID-19: Volume 2: Societal and Medical PerspectivesInfluence of dietary supplementation with Bacillus velezensis on intestinal microbial diversity of mice
2019, Microbial PathogenesisCitation Excerpt :The disorder of the intestinal bacterial community can affect the maturation of the immune system and induce obesity, diarrhea [23–25]. Previous research has shown that probiotics supplementation not only maintain the balance of gut microbiota in the host but also increases the concentrations of beneficial bacteria and reduce the colonization of harmful bacteria in the intestinal tract [26–28]. In our study, the concentrations of Lactobacillus and Ruminococcus in the duodenum were increased and Acinetobacter decreased after feeding Bacillus velezensis.
Supported in part by Astra Zeneca, Research & Development, Mölndal, Sweden (L.P.M.); Winclove Bio Industries B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands (H.M.T.); and Senter, an agency of the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs (grant number: TSGE3109). Supporting institutions were not involved in design, performance or publication of this study.