Original CommunicationSpecific expression of osteopontin and S100A6 in hepatocellular carcinoma
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Patients and specimens
Prospective tissue collection was obtained with institutional approval and informed consent. For microarray analysis, HCC as well as noncancerous tissue were excised during partial hepatectomy in a patient with recurrent HCC. Tissues were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C before RNA extraction.
For retrospective immunohistochemical studies, 51 specimens of HCC were retrieved from the pathology archives ranging from 1996 to 2004 of China-Japan Friendship Hospital in China. Of
Differential gene expression in HCC compared with normal liver tissue
The cDNA array sequences represented 15,843 known genes and ESTs. Quality control of the cDNA array was evaluated by coefficient of variation and scatter plots of double spots. The coefficients of variation of double spots of HCC and noncancerous liver were 16.3% and 17.5%, respectively; the square of Pearson correlation coefficiencies (r2) of scatter plots of double spots were .9858 and .9874, respectively (Fig 1). These demonstrated that the cDNA array system was highly reliable and
Discussion
Combining cDNA array and immunohistochemical staining as screens has proven highly successful in identifying dissecting pathways pivotal to many biologic processes, including cancer development and progression. Using subtraction hybridization, a large number of genes can be screened for upregulation in diseased conditions.8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 Immunohistochemical staining can then be assayed for correlation between gene expression and protein expression, and allows analysis of larger numbers
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