Trends in Biotechnology
ReviewTowards commercial production of microbial surfactants
Section snippets
Microbial surfactants
Microbial surfactants are surface-active metabolites produced by microorganisms when grown on water miscible or oily substrates: they either remain adherent to microbial cell surfaces or are secreted in the culture broth. They possess the characteristic property of reducing the surface and interfacial tensions using the same mechanisms as chemical surfactants. Microbial surfactants constitute a diverse group of surface-active molecules and are known to occur in a variety of chemical structures,
Cheap substrates: economical and promising alternatives
Production economy is the major bottleneck in biosurfactant production, as is the case with most biotechnological processes. Often, the amount and type of a raw material can contribute considerably to the production cost; it is estimated that raw materials account for 10 to 30% of the total production costs in most biotechnological processes. Thus, to reduce this cost it is desirable to use low-cost raw materials [6]. One possibility explored extensively is the use of cheap and agro-based raw
Bioprocess development: optimum production and recovery
An efficient and economical bioprocess is the foundation for every profit-making biotechnology industry; hence, bioprocess development is the primary step towards commercialization of all biotechnological products, including biosurfactants. Any attempt to increase the yield of a biosurfactant demands optimal addition of media components and selection of the optimal culture conditions that will induce the maximum or the optimum productivity. Similarly, efficient downstream processing techniques
Mutant and recombinant strains: the hyperproducers
The genetics of the producer organism is an important factor affecting the yield of all biotechnological products because the capacity to produce a metabolite is bestowed by the genes of the organism. The bioindustrial production process is often dependent on the use of hyperproducing microbial strains: even with cheap raw materials, optimized medium and culture conditions, and efficient recovery processes, a production process cannot be made commercially viable and profitable until the yield
Concluding remarks
Successful commercialization of every biotechnological product depends largely on its bioprocess economics. At present, the prices of microbial surfactants are not competitive with those of the chemical surfactants due to their high production costs and low yields. Hence, they have not been commercialized extensively. However, the use of cheaper substrates and optimal growth and production conditions coupled with novel and efficient multistep downstream processing methods and the use of
Acknowledgements
SM acknowledges CSIR for his research fellowship, PD acknowledges IIT, Kharagpur for her institute scholarship and RS acknowledges the ISIRD grant from IIT, Kharagpur.
References (60)
- et al.
Recent applications of biosurfactants as biological and immunological molecules
Curr. Opin. Microbiol.
(2004) - et al.
Potential applications of microbial surfactants in biomedical sciences
Trends Biotechnol.
(2004) Rhamnolipid production by P. aeruginosa LB1 growing on soapstock as the sole carbon source
J. Food Eng.
(2002)Application of oil refinery waste in biosynthesis of glycolipids by yeast
Bioresource Technol.
(2004)- et al.
Production and properties of a surfactant obtained from Bacillus subtilis grown on cassava wastewater
Bioresource Technol.
(2006) Identification of induced acidification in iron-enriched cultures of Bacillus subtilis during biosurfactant fermentation
J. Biosci. Bioeng.
(2003)- et al.
Response surface modeling and optimization to elucidate the effects of inoculum age & size on surfactin production
Biochem. Eng. J.
(2004) Response surface optimization of the medium components for production of biosurfactants by probiotic bacteria
Process Biochem.
(2006)Concomitant production and downstream processing of alkaline protease and biosurfactant from Bacillus licheniformis RG1: bioformulation as detergent additive
Process Biochem.
(2005)The application of foaming for recovery of surfactin from B. subtilis ATCC 21332
Enzyme Microb. Technol.
(2001)
Characterization of concentration and purification parameters and operating conditions for the small-scale recovery of surfactin
Process Biochem
Recovery of Rhodococcus biosurfactants using methyl tertiary-butyl ether extraction
J. Microbiol. Meth.
Enhanced biosurfactant production by a Bacillus licheniformis mutant
Enzyme Microb. Technol.
Microbial production of surfactants and their commercial potential
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev.
Biosurfactants: potential applications in medicine
J. Antimicrob. Chemother.
Natural roles of biosurfactants
Environ. Microbiol.
An update on use of unconventional substrates for biosurfactants production and their new applications
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
Production of biosurfactants using substrates from renewable-resources
Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol.
Microbial surfactants: A Review
J. Oleo Sci.
Potential commercial applications of microbial surfactants
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
An integrated microbial/enzymatic process for production of rhamnolipids and l-(+)-rhamnose from rapeseed oil with Pseudomonas sp. DSM 2874
Eur. J. Lipid. Sci. Tech.
New bioemulsifiers produced by Candida lipolytica using d-Glucose and Babassu oil as carbon sources
Braz. J. Microbiol.
Production of sophorolipids from Candida bombicola ATCC 22214 using Turkish corn oil and honey
Eng. Life Sci.
Rhamnolipid biosurfactant production by strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using low-cost raw materials
Biotechnol. Prog.
The influence of vegetable oils on biosurfactant production by Serratia marcescens
Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol.
Extracellular production of a glycolipid biosurfactant, mannosylerythritol lipid, by Candida sp. SY16 using fed batch fermentation
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
Screening and production of rhamnolipids by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 47T2 NCIB 40044 from waste frying oils
J. Appl. Microbiol.
Oil wastes as unconventional substrates for rhamnolipid biosurfactant production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa LB1
Biotechnol. Prog.
Chemical structure, surface properties and biological activities of the biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI from soapstock
Anton. Leeuw. Int. J. G.
Physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of new rhamnolipids produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT10 from soyabean oil refinery wastes
Langmuir
Cited by (622)
Synthesis and micellization behavior of succinic acid isoester sulfonates in aqueous solutions
2024, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering AspectsLiquid crystalline behavior of concentrated aqueous solutions of biosurfactants
2024, Current Opinion in Colloid and Interface ScienceMicrobial biosurfactants: Multifarious applications in sustainable agriculture
2024, Microbiological ResearchEnhanced petroleum removal with a novel biosurfactant producer consortium isolated from drilling cuttings of offshore Akçakoca-5 in the Black Sea
2023, Geoenergy Science and EngineeringIntegrated distilled spent grain with husk utilization: Current situation, trend, and design
2023, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews