Increased chemiluminescence and superoxide production in the liver of chronically ethanol-treated rats

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Abstract

Rats fed ethanol (1.74 ± 0.12 g/day/100 g body wt for 12 weeks) showed a 45% increased microsomal production of O2 (2.23 ± 0.14 nmol/min/mg protein) and a 28% increased content of endoplasmic reticulum protein (26.8 ± 1.4 mg/g liver). This could lead, at substrate saturation, to a 86% increased cytosolic production of O2 which is not compensated by cytosolic Superoxide dismutase levels that remain normal. It is claimed that this unbalance between O2 production and superoxide dismutase leads to a peroxidative stress in agreement with the 54% increased spontaneous liver chemiluminescence (37 ± 2 cps/cm2) measured in the ethanol-treated rats. Hydroperoxideinduced chemiluminescence was 57, 43, and 28% higher, respectively, in homogenates. mitochondria, and microsomes isolated from ethanol-treated rats as compared with controls. Vitamins E and A were more effective inhibitors of the hydroperoxide-stimulated chemiluminescence in the liver homogenates from ethanol-treated rats as compared with the effect on the homogenates from control animals. The results are consistent with a peroxidative stress in chronic alcoholism leading to increased lipoperoxidation and decreased levels of antioxidants.

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