Identification of early glaucoma cases with the scanning laser ophthalmoscope1☆,
Section snippets
Materials and methods
Two groups of white subjects were recruited prospectively for this study: control subjects and patients with early open-angle glaucoma. A full medical history was taken and detailed ocular examination performed. Subjects underwent Humphrey visual field testing with the 24–2 program (Humphrey Instruments, San Leandro, CA) and imaging of the optic disc with the HRT. Informed consent was obtained from each subject after the nature of the procedure was fully explained.
Normal control subjects were
Results
Eighty normal subjects and 51 patients with early glaucoma were enrolled in the study. The early glaucoma group included 37 patients from the glaucoma clinic and 14 patients from the ocular hypertensive clinic who have developed a reproducible field defect while under review. The characteristics of the study population are summarized in Table 1.
The mean SDs for the height values of the three HRT images, comprising the mean topographic image, were 28.26 for the normal group and 31.27 for the
Discussion
The HRT is a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope that provides us with quantitative optic nerve head measurements that have been shown to be highly reproducible.10, 11, 12, 13 The global optic disc parameters of our normal group (Table 2) are similar to those in previously published data.22, 23, 24 Those of the glaucoma group are similar to the values reported by Zangwill et al,23 and the differences with those in the study by Uchida et al24 may be explained by the disparity in the disc area
References (40)
- et al.
An evaluation of optic disc and nerve fiber layer examinations in monitoring progression of early glaucoma damage
Ophthalmology
(1992) - et al.
Agreement among optometrists, ophthalmologists, and residents in evaluating the optic disc for glaucoma
Ophthalmology
(1994) - et al.
Comparison of methods to detect glaucomatous optic nerve damage
Ophthalmology
(1993) - et al.
Reliability of optic disk topographic measurements recorded with a video-ophthalmograph
Am J Ophthalmol
(1984) - et al.
Reproducibility of the optic nerve head topography with a new laser tomographic scanning device
Ophthalmology
(1994) - et al.
Test-retest variability of topographic measurements with confocal scanning laser tomography in patients with glaucoma and control subjects
Am J Ophthalmol
(1994) - et al.
Agreement between clinicians and a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope in estimating cup/disk ratios
Am J Ophthalmol
(1995) - et al.
Reproducibility of topographic measurements of the optic nerve head with laser tomographic scanning
Ophthalmology
(1989) - et al.
Reproducibility of topographic measurements of the normal and glaucomatous optic nerve head with the laser tomographic scanner
Am J Ophthalmol
(1991) - et al.
Optic nerve head topography in ocular hypertensive eyes using confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy
Am J Ophthalmol
(1996)
Initial glaucomatous optic disk and retinal nerve fiber layer abnormalities and their progression
Am J Ophthalmol
Pattern of glaucomatous neuroretinal rim loss
Ophthalmology
The area of the neuroretinal rim of the optic nerve in normal eyes
Am J Ophthalmol
Clinical disc biometry in early glaucoma
Ophthalmology
Measurement of optic disc and neuroretinal rim areas in normal and glaucomatous eyes. A new clinical method
Ophthalmology
Optic disc parameters and onset of glaucomatous field loss. I. Methods and progressive changes in disc morphology
Arch Ophthalmol
The mode of progressive disc cupping in ocular hypertension and glaucoma
Arch Ophthalmol
The nerve fiber layer in the diagnosis of glaucoma
Arch Ophthalmol
Evaluation of nerve fiber layer assessment
Arch Ophthalmol
Clinically detectable nerve fiber atrophy precedes the onset of glaucomatous field loss
Arch Ophthalmol
Cited by (381)
The Trajectory of Glaucoma Progression in 2-Dimensional Structural–Functional Space
2020, Ophthalmology GlaucomaReprint of “Updating Markov models to integrate cross-sectional and longitudinal studies”
2017, Artificial Intelligence in MedicineUpdating Markov models to integrate cross-sectional and longitudinal studies
2017, Artificial Intelligence in MedicineLongitudinal Analysis of Retinal Ganglion Cell Damage at Individual Axon Bundle Level in Mice Using Visible-Light Optical Coherence Tomography Fibergraphy
2023, Translational Vision Science and TechnologyComprehensive Glaucoma Imaging
2022, Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology: Fourth Edition
- ☆
Supported by a grant from The Guide Dogs for the Blind Association, Reading, UK. (DFG-H).
- 1
The authors have no proprietary interest in the development or marketing of this or a competing instrument.