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Quantitative trait loci with parent-of-origin effects in chicken

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 October 2004

MARIA TUISKULA-HAAVISTO
Affiliation:
Animal Production Research, Animal Breeding, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, 31600 Jokioinen, Finland
DIRK-JAN DE KONING
Affiliation:
Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9PS, UK
MERVI HONKATUKIA
Affiliation:
Animal Production Research, Animal Breeding, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, 31600 Jokioinen, Finland
NINA F. SCHULMAN
Affiliation:
Animal Production Research, Animal Breeding, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, 31600 Jokioinen, Finland
ASKO MÄKI-TANILA
Affiliation:
Animal Production Research, Animal Breeding, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, 31600 Jokioinen, Finland
JOHANNA VILKKI
Affiliation:
Animal Production Research, Animal Breeding, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, 31600 Jokioinen, Finland
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Abstract

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We investigated potential effects of parent-of-origin specific quantitative trait loci (QTL) in chicken. Two divergent egg-layer lines differing in egg quality were reciprocally crossed to produce 305 F2 hens. Searching the genome using models with uni-parental expression, we identified four genome-wide significant QTL with parent-of-origin effects and three highly suggestive QTL affecting age at first egg, egg weight, number of eggs, body weight, feed intake, and egg white quality. None of these QTL had been detected previously using Mendelian models. Two genome-wide significant and one highly suggestive QTL show exclusive paternal expression while the others show exclusive maternal expression. Each of the parent-of-origin specific QTL explained 3–5% of the total phenotypic variance, with the effects ranging from 0·18 to 0·4 phenotypic SD in the F2. Using simulations and further detailed analyses, it was shown that departure from fixation in the founder lines, grand-maternal effects (i.e. mitochondrial or W-linked) and Z-linked QTL were unlikely to give rise to any spurious parent-of-origin effects. The present results suggest that QTL with parent-of-origin specific expression are a plausible explanation for some reciprocal effects in poultry and deserve more attention. An intriguing hypothesis is whether these effects could be the result of genomic imprinting, which is often assumed to be unique to eutherian mammals.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
2004 Cambridge University Press
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