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The IRS-signalling system: A network of docking proteins that mediate insulin action

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Abstract

New molecules discovered during the past ten years have created a rational framework to understand signalling transduction by a broad range of growth factors and cytokines, including insulin. Insulin action is initiated through the insulin receptor, a transmembrane glycoprotein with intrinsic protein tyrosine kinase activity. The tyrosine kinase mediates the insulin response through tyrosine phosphorylation of various cellular substrates, in particular the IRS-proteins. During insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation, the IRS-proteins mediate a broad biological response by binding and activating various enzymes or adapter molecules. Although we are far from a complete understanding of the insulin signalling system and its failure, enough pieces of the puzzle are falling into place that mechanism-based solutions to insulin resistance encountered with type II diabetes may soon be attainable.

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  1. Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center and the Graduate Program in Biomedical and Biological Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA

    Morris F. White

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White, M.F. The IRS-signalling system: A network of docking proteins that mediate insulin action. Mol Cell Biochem 182, 3–11 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006806722619

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