Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Identification and Leaching Characteristics of Sludge Generated from Metal Pickling and Electroplating Industries by Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP)

  • Published:
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

One of India's major concerns is the increasing level of land pollution largely due to the uncontrolled disposal of industrialsolid and hazardous waste. With rapid industrialization, thegeneration of industrial solid and hazardous waste has increasedappreciably and the nature of waste generated has become complex.Their impacts on the ecological bodies are noticeable. The article describes the details of studies conducted using Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure, to estimate the toxicity effects of the metals viz., chromium, zinc, manganese,iron, nickel, cobalt and copper by the Zero Headspace Extractorfor the sludges generated from effluent treatment plant of steeltube, wire and plating industries on environment constituentslike groundwater, surface water and land. Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure determines the mobility of organic and inorganic analytes of liquid, solid or multiphase waste from hazardous solid wastes in the form of primary and secondary extracts. These extracts are mixed in equal volumeproportion and analyzed by Direct Reading 2000 spectrophotometer.The amount of heavy metals observed during the studies in theleachates were found and the results were compared with HazardousWaste categories as per Indian Standards, TCLP regulatory limitsgiven by United States Environment Protection Agency (USEPA) andGermany Leachate Quality Standards and it was observed that theywere on higher side, needing a proper preventive concept of sludge management including handling, treatment, recovery and disposal.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • APHA: 1989, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 17th ed., prepared and published jointly by: American Public Health Association (APHA), American Water Works Association (AWWA), Water Pollution Control Federation (WPCF), New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, H. E.: 1972, The Toxic Substance List, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Rockville, MD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Code of Federal Regulations, 20 CFR & 60, 1 July 1996, USEPA.

  • Code of Federal Regulations, 40 CFR, Part 261, February 1990, Regist. No. 126, Millipore Zero Headspace Extractor, USEPA, pp. 26968-26998.

  • Code of Federal Regulations, 40 CFR, Part 261, Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste, USEPA.

  • Freeman, H. M.: 1998, Standard Handbook of Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, U.S.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Higgins, T. E.: 1989, Hazardous Waste Minimization Handbook, Lewis Publishers, Inc., Michigan, U.S.A., pp. 75-79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lagrega, M. D., Buckingham, P. L. and Evans, J. C.: 1994, Hazardous Waste Management, McGraw-Hill Inc., Singapore, pp. 50-51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manazine: 1982, 'Immobilization and Leachability of Hazardous Wastes', Environ. Sci. Technol. 16(4), 219a-223a.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Environment and Forests, MOEF, Department of Environment Forests and Wildlife: 1989, Note on 'Activities Pertaining to Hazardous Substances Management', New Delhi.

  • Sihorwala, T. A. and Vijay, R.: 1999, 'Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure studies for Characterization of Hazardous SolidWastes from Pickling and Electroplating Industries (case studies) and Design of Secured Landfill Disposal System', in Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Solid Waste Technology and Management, 12-15 December 1999, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A., 1B.

  • SW-846: 1986, 'Method 3050, Acid Digestion of Sludges', Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Vol. IA: Laboratory Manual, Physical and Chemical Methods, USEPA.

  • SW-115: 1974, Disposal of Hazardous Wastes, USEPA Publication, Washington D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • SW-924: 1985, Solid Waste Leaching Procedure Manual, USEPA.

  • System for Analysis: 1991, DR/2000 Spectrophotometer Handbook, HACH Company, Colorado, U.S.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • The Gazette of India: 1989, Extraordinary Part II-Section 3, Sub-section (ii), July 1989.

  • The Gazette of India: 2000, Extraordinary Part II-Section 3, Sub-section (ii), January 2000.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India

    Ritesh Vijay

  2. Civil Engineering Department, Shri G.S.I.T.S, Indore, India

    T. A. Sihorwala

Authors
  1. Ritesh Vijay
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. T. A. Sihorwala
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ritesh Vijay.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Vijay, R., Sihorwala, T.A. Identification and Leaching Characteristics of Sludge Generated from Metal Pickling and Electroplating Industries by Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP). Environ Monit Assess 84, 193–202 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023363423345

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023363423345

Search

Navigation