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Does Inbreeding and Loss of Genetic Diversity Decrease Disease Resistance?

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Abstract

Inbreeding and loss of genetic diversity are predicted to decrease the resistance of species to disease. However, this issue is controversial and there is limited rigorous scientific evidence available. To test whether inbreeding and loss of genetic diversity affect a host's resistance to disease, Drosophila melanogasterpopulations with different levels of inbreeding and genetic diversity were exposed separately to (a) thuringiensin, an insecticidal toxin produced by some strains of Bacillus thuringiensis, and (b) live Serratia marcescensbacteria. Inbreeding and loss of genetic diversity significantly reduced resistance of D. melanogasterto both the thuringiensin toxin and live Serratia marcescens. For both, the best fitting relationships between resistance and inbreeding were curvilinear. As expected, there was wide variation among replicate inbred populations in disease resistance. Lowered resistances to both the toxin and the pathogen in inbred populations were due to specific resistance alleles, rather than generalized inbreeding effects, as correlations between resistance and population fitness were low or negative. Wildlife managers should strive to minimise inbreeding and loss of genetic diversity within threatened populations and to minimise exposure of inbred populations to disease.

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  1. Derek Spielman

    Present address: Key Centre for Biodiversity and Bioresources, Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Centre for Biodiversity and Bioresources, Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia

    David A. Briscoe, Richard Frankham & Richard Frankham

  2. Key Centre for Tropical Wildlife Management, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia

    Barry W. Brook

  3. School of Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia

    Richard Frankham

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Spielman, D., Brook, B.W., Briscoe, D.A. et al. Does Inbreeding and Loss of Genetic Diversity Decrease Disease Resistance?. Conservation Genetics 5, 439–448 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:COGE.0000041030.76598.cd

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