Abstract
Spin-coating is a very widely used technique for making uniform thin polymer films. For example, the active layers in most experimental semiconducting polymer-based devices, such as light-emitting diodes and photovoltaics, are made this way. The efficiency of such devices can be improved by using blends of polymers; these phase separate during the spin-coating process, creating the complex morphology that leads to performance improvements. We have used time-resolved small-angle light scattering and light reflectivity during the spin-coating process to study the development of structure directly. Our results provide evidence that a blend of two polymers first undergoes vertical stratification; the interface between the stratified layers then becomes unstable, leading to the final phase-separated thin film. This has given us the basis for establishing a full mechanistic understanding of the development of morphology in thin mixed polymer films, allowing a route to the rational design of processing conditions so as to achieve desirable morphologies by self-assembly.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank S. Martin and M. Geoghegan for helpful discussions and EPSRC for financial support.
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Heriot, S., Jones, R. An interfacial instability in a transient wetting layer leads to lateral phase separation in thin spin-cast polymer-blend films. Nature Mater 4, 782–786 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1476
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1476
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