Obesity and Related Pregnancy Complications in an Inner-City Clinic

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

The study was designed to determine the prevalence of obesity and related pregnancy complications in an inner-city prenatal clinic.

STUDY DESIGN:

A retrospective review was conducted of the medical records of 281 women with no chronic diseases and who delivered singleton term babies during a 1-year period. The frequencies of various pregnancy complications, including pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, shoulder dystocia, postpartum hemorrhage, fourth degree laceration, intrauterine growth restriction, and macrosomia, were compared among groups of patients stratified by body mass index (BMI).

RESULTS:

Thirty-four percent of patients had a reported prepregnancy BMI of >26 kg/m². Fifty-two percent of patients were obese (BMI > 26 kg/m²) when they registered for prenatal care, and 82% of patients had a BMI > 26 kg/m² at the time of delivery. The incidence of birth weights of >4 kg was significantly higher in women with a registration BMI > 26 kg/m² (p = 0.026). Most of these macrosomic babies had mothers with a BMI > 29 kg/m². Patients who required cesarean delivery had significantly higher BMI than those who were delivered vaginally (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

Obesity was more common in our inner-city population than has previously been reported and was associated with an increased risk of fetal macrosomia and operative delivery.