Elsevier

Kidney International

Volume 64, Issue 5, November 2003, Pages 1792-1799
Kidney International

Clinical Nephrology – Epidemiology – Clinical Trials
The role of parental hypertension in the frequency and age of diagnosis of hypertension in offspring with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease

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The role of parental hypertension in the frequency and age of diagnosis of hypertension in offspring with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Background

Hypertension in autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patients is associated with more rapid progression of renal disease and a high incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). The present study was undertaken to examine the role of parental hypertension in the occurrence of hypertension in 475 ADPKD offspring.

Methods

Adult subjects participating in an ongoing study of the natural history of ADPKD were included in the analysis if they were diagnosed with ADPKD, had a known affected parent, and knew the hypertensive status of both parents.

Results

When the affected parent was hypertensive, the ADPKD male (82% versus 62%, P < 0.05) and female (61% versus 37%, P < 0.005) offspring had a significantly higher frequency of hypertension than when the ADPKD-affected parent was normotensive. The median age of diagnosis of hypertension was also significantly earlier in both male (33 years versus 40 years, P < 0.05) and female (38 years versus 50 years, P < 0.05) ADPKD patients when their affected parents were hypertensive as compared with normotensive. These effects of hypertension in the affected parent on hypertension in the ADPKD offspring were independent of age, renal volume, and renal function in the offspring. Hypertension in unaffected parents also increased the frequency of hypertension in the ADPKD female (69% versus 53%, P < 0.01), but not male (89% versus 77%, NS) subjects.

Conclusion

The results indicate that parental hypertension influences the frequency of hypertension in ADPKD patients.

KEYWORDS

ADPKD
hypertension
parental hypertension

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