Alimentary TractThe effects of intestinal infusion of long-chain fatty acids on food intake in humans☆,☆☆
Section snippets
Patients
Studies were performed on healthy men aged 18–35 years, with a body mass index of 20–25. All patients were screened before entry to the study to exclude smokers or any subjects who had reported any serious medical conditions or recent illness. Dietary restraint was assessed by using the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire17; this questionnaire measures 3 factors associated with abnormal eating behavior: disinhibition (loss of control of eating and possible binging behavior), restraint (conscious
Food intake
One-way repeated ANOVA indicated a highly significant effect of infusion type on food intake (F[4,36], 5.74; P = 0.001). Student–Newman-Keuls post hoc tests revealed that food intake after Intralipid and linoleic acid infusion was significantly lower than saline condition (Figure 1).
Visual analogue scale ratings of appetite and well-being
Two-way repeated ANOVA showed no significant difference
Discussion
The results of this study show that emulsions of oils with different saturation indices, despite being isocaloric, suppress food intake in normal-weight men with markedly different potencies. The greatest reduction in test meal intake followed Intralipid infusion (225 kcal), and secondly, by linoleic acid infusion (153 kcal). These results support previous findings from animal studies12 and suggest that the properties of oils containing C18 long-chain fatty acids, differing only in the degree
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Dr. Gareth Evans and Prof. Wolfgang Langhans for their critical review of the manuscript.
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2015, GastroenterologyCitation Excerpt :Such studies provided evidence for the physiological regulation of short-term appetite by carbohydrates. The effects of different fat molecules (ie, MCFA, LCFA, saturated and unsaturated FA, as well as omega-3 FAs) are summarized in Table 2.123–130 The influence of protein and amino acid on the control of food intake remains incompletely understood.
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Supported by a research grant from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (to S.J.F).
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Address requests for reprints to: Stephen J. French, Ph.D., Centre for Human Nutrition, University of Sheffield, Northern General Hospital, Herries Road, Sheffield, S5 7AU, England.