Thyroid abnormalities by ultrasonography in neonates with congenital hypothyroidism
Section snippets
Patients and methods
Of the 286,863 infants screened in our center between January 1, 1996 and March 31, 2002, 86 infants were detected as having elevated neonatal thyrotropin (TSH) values. Six infants had transient TSH increases, and 80 infants had hypothyroidism, giving an incidence of 1/3586, similar to that reported elsewhere.1 Only patients evaluated at the Robert Debré Hospital (n = 69) and who were examined by both thyroid scanning and ultrasonography (n = 66) were included in the study.
The diagnosis of
Results
The characteristics of the patients at the time of the study with respect to the etiologic diagnoses assessed by both thyroid scanning and ultrasonography findings are shown in the Table. Among the 66 patients with CH, 42 of them (64% of cases) were diagnosed as having ectopic thyroid tissue. As expected, thyroid scanning proved more sensitive to the identification of ectopic tissue. Thyroid ultrasonography showed ectopic tissue in 9 of 42 cases (21% sensitivity). This ectopic thyroid tissue
Discussion
We demonstrate that ultrasonography is useful to identify normally located thyroid gland and to delineate its anatomy. One patient showed a thyroid developmental anomaly with hemiplasia of the left lobe. Thyroid hemiagenesis is a well known but rare congenital anomaly either with or, more frequently, without hypothyroidism and with a higher incidence of agenesis of the left lobe.12., 13., 14. Thus, ultrasonography is superior to scintigraphy in the assessment of thyroid morphology in normal
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Cited by (57)
Congenital Hypothyroidism: Role of Nuclear Medicine
2017, Seminars in Nuclear MedicineCitation Excerpt :The advantages of combining ultrasound and scintigraphy for thyroid exploration are that both high-resolution morphological (ultrasound) and functional (scintigraphy) information is obtained. Each technique compensates for the limitations of the other.21,31,32 Thyroid ultrasound examination is delicate in the neonatal period, as the normal thyroid is very small, with a volume generally between 0.5 and 4 mL.33
Thyroid Imaging in Infants
2016, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North AmericaCitation Excerpt :Such cysts may occur along the normal pathway of the thyroglossal duct because of the persistence of the ultimobranchial bodies. They may also occur as a part of thyroid-forming material, giving rise to cell residues within the empty thyroid area.44 Although US is superior to scintigraphy in the assessment of thyroid morphology and reflecting the anatomic status of the gland, it does not provide conclusive data on the functional status of the gland.25,44
Imaging the thyroid in children
2014, Best Practice and Research: Clinical Endocrinology and MetabolismCitation Excerpt :When an attempt is made to compare CDU and the TS, one notes that the frequency of patients with dysplastic tissue is always higher with thyroid scanning, due to the better identification of the ectopic tissue, the most frequent cause of dysplastic disorder, with reported weighted mean diagnostic values of about 13% (extremes: 0%–100%). A rough analysis of the literature in 633 patients12–17 with CH and who underwent dual imaging, indicates a mean 46.1% of apparently normal or enlarged thyroid (extremes 11.8–55.1) at CDU while this proportion was only 31.3% (extremes 10.5–55.8) using the TS. Eutopic thyroid is reported in CH by thyroid scan in about 28% of cases (extremes: 12–57).
AIUM Practice Parameter for the Performance and Interpretation of Diagnostic Ultrasound of the Thyroid and Extracranial Head and Neck
2023, Journal of Ultrasound in MedicineUltrasound findings of the thyroid gland in children and adolescents
2023, Journal of Ultrasound