Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology
Oral and Maxillofacial PathologyPolymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma versus pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary glands: Resolution of a diagnostic dilemma by immunohistochemical analysis with glial fibrillary acidic protein☆
Section snippets
Material and methods
Minor salivary gland tumors originally diagnosed and coded as PLGA by oral pathologists at Emory University Hospital Division of Oral, Head, and Neck Pathology, the Emory University Hospital and the University of Kentucky Oral Pathology Biopsy Services, were retrieved. Adequate tissue was available on 42 tumors. For comparison, 36 tumors previously diagnosed and coded as pleomorphic adenomas of the minor salivary gland also were retrieved and studied similarly. New sections were cut from
Results
Available clinical information on cases used in this study is presented in Table III.Pleomorphic adenomas (N = 36) Sex Men 11 Women 25 Age range 15-76 Mean 40.3 Location Hard palate 15 Buccal mucosa 8 Labial mucosa 4 Soft palate 4 Unstated 3 Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinomas (N = 42) Sex Men 14 Women 20 Unstated 8 Age range 39-81 Mean 61.5 Location Hard palate 10 Palate 8 Soft palate 6 Junction of hard/soft palate 4 Buccal mucosa 3 Upper lip 1 Maxillary vestibule 1 Unstated 9
Discussion
Histopathologic features of PA and PLGA are known to overlap, particularly on the palate, causing a diagnostic dilemma for the pathologist. All the following conditions can result in potential diagnostic dilemmas for the pathologist attempting to differentiate these two lesions in the minor salivary glands:
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Unencapsulated palatal PAs without matrix (Fig 5)
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Incisional biopsy resulting in the absence of an overall diagnostic architectural pattern (Fig 6)
- 3.
Curetted fragments resulting in absence of an
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Salivary GFAP as a potential biomarker for diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease and its correlation with neuroinflammation and apoptosis
2021, Journal of NeuroimmunologyCitation Excerpt :To the best of our knowledge, GFAP levels in saliva of AD or MCI patients have not been reported before. However, salivary GFAP levels have been previously referenced for patients suffering from oral cancer (Curran et al., 2001; Huang et al., 1996; Li et al., 2009). Both ELISA and Dot Blot analysis proved, in a similar accuracy, that GFAP levels can differentiate cognitively healthy individuals from patients with either MCI or AD, as well as MCI patients from AD patients.
Polymorphous adenocarcinoma of the sublingual gland: A case report and literature review
2021, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and PathologyCitation Excerpt :Thus far, several genes related to PAC have been reported. Of note, PRKD1-3 mutation [48–50], cytokeratins (AE1/AE3, 34bE12, CK1, CK7, pan CK, and CAM5.2) [29,32,51–55], β-catenin [56], EMA [50–52], S-100 [29,30,32,50,51,54], vimentin [24,32], c-kit [57], osteopontin [58], bcl-2 [29,55], α-SMA [59], p53 [29], p63 [59], CEA [60], GFAP [33], actin [33] and galectin-3 [61] show high expression in PLGA; GFAP [51], p53 [55], cyclin D1 [55] and CK20 [53] show low expression in PAC. While some reports distinguish other SGTs, such as ACC and pleomorphic adenoma (PA), some controversies remain.
Salivary Glands
2020, Gnepp's Diagnostic Surgical Pathology of the Head and Neck, Third EditionMalignant Neoplasms of the Salivary Glands
2019, Head and Neck Pathology: A Volume in the Series: Foundations in Diagnostic PathologyMalignant neoplasms of the salivary glands
2012, Head and Neck Pathology: Second EditionGlial fibrillary acidic protein in tumor types with cartilaginous differentiation
2009, Modern Pathology
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Reprint requests: Alice E. Curran, DMD, MS, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of Mississippi School of Dentistry, 2550 N State St, Jackson, MS 39216, [email protected]