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Predictors of quitting among african american light smokers enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To examine the predictors of quitting among African American (AA) light smokers (<10 cigarettes per day) enrolled in a smoking cessation trial.

METHODS: Baseline variables were analyzed as potential predictors from a 2 × 2 cessation trial in which participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups: nicotine gum plus health education (HE) counseling, nicotine gum plus motivational interviewing (MI) counseling, placebo gum plus HE counseling, or placebo gum plus MI counseling. Chi-square tests, 2 sample t-tests, and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of cotinine (COT) verified abstinence at month 6.

RESULTS: In the final regression model, HE rather than MI counseling (odds ratio [OR]=2.26%, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.36 to 3.74), older age (OR=1.03%, 95% CI=1.01 to 1.06), and higher body mass index (OR=1.04%, 95% CI=1.01 to 1.07) significantly increased the likelihood of quitting, while female gender (OR=0.46%, 95% CI=0.28 to 0.76), ≤$1,800/month income (OR=0.60%, 95% CI=0.37 to 0.97), higher baseline COT (OR=0.948%, 95% CI=0.946 to 0.950), and not completing all counseling sessions (OR=0.48%, 95% CI=0.27 to 0.84) reduced the odds of quitting.

CONCLUSIONS: Individual characteristics may decrease the likelihood of quitting; however, the provision of directive, advice-oriented counseling focused on the addictive nature of nicotine, health consequences of smoking, benefits of quitting, and development of a concrete quit plan may be an important and effective facilitator of quitting among AA light smokers.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kansas Masonic Cancer Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA

    Nicole L. Nollen PhD, Matthew S. Mayo PhD, Lisa Sanderson Cox PhD, Kolawole S. Okuyemi MD, MPH & Won S. Choi PhD, MPH

  2. Center for Biostatistics and Advanced Informatics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA

    Matthew S. Mayo PhD

  3. Department of Family Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA

    Kolawole S. Okuyemi MD, MPH

  4. Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Harsohena Kaur MD, MPH

  5. Department of Medicine and Office of Clinical Research, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Jasijt S. Ahluwalia MD, MPH, MS

  6. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Mail Stop 1008, 66160, Kansas City, KS

    Nicole L. Nollen PhD, Matthew S. Mayo PhD, Lisa Sanderson Cox PhD & Won S. Choi PhD, MPH

Authors
  1. Nicole L. Nollen PhD
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  2. Matthew S. Mayo PhD
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  3. Lisa Sanderson Cox PhD
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  4. Kolawole S. Okuyemi MD, MPH
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  5. Won S. Choi PhD, MPH
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  6. Harsohena Kaur MD, MPH
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  7. Jasijt S. Ahluwalia MD, MPH, MS
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nicole L. Nollen PhD.

Additional information

This project was supported by the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health (NIH R01 CA91912). A grant from the National Institutes of Health is pending for Dr Sanderson Cox (NIH R01).

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Nollen, N.L., Mayo, M.S., Cox, L.S. et al. Predictors of quitting among african american light smokers enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Gen Intern Med 21, 590–595 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00404.x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00404.x

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