1932

Abstract

Neurons that produce gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) reside in the basal forebrain and drive reproductive function in mammals. Understanding the circuitry that regulates GnRH neurons is fundamental to comprehending the neuroendocrine control of puberty and reproduction in the adult. This review focuses on a family of neuropeptides encoded by the gene, the kisspeptins, and their cognate receptor, GPR54, which have been implicated in the regulation of GnRH secretion. Kisspeptins are potent secretagogues for GnRH, and the gene is a target for regulation by gonadal steroids (e.g., estradiol and testosterone), metabolic factors (e.g., leptin), photoperiod, and season. neurons in the arcuate nucleus may regulate the negative feedback effect of gonadal steroids on GnRH and gonadotropin secretion in both sexes. The expression of in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) is sexually dimorphic, and neurons in the AVPV may participate in the generation of the preovulatory GnRH/luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in the female rodent. neurons have emerged as primary transducers of internal and environmental cues to regulate the neuroendocrine reproductive axis.

Keyword(s): estrogenGnRHgonadotropinKiss1metastin
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.physiol.70.113006.100540
2008-03-17
2024-03-28
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.physiol.70.113006.100540
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  • Article Type: Review Article
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