Abstract
Human brain mapping is an experimental discipline that establishes structure-function correspondences in the brain through the combined application of experimental psychology, human neuroscience, and noninvasive neuroimaging. A deep and diverse literature on the functional organization of the human brain is emerging, which has pushed neuroimaging squarely into the scientific mainstream. Because of this rapid growth, there is a great need to effectively collect and synthesize the body of literature in this field. The BrainMap database was created in response to this need as an electronic environment for modeling the human brain through quantitative meta-analysis of the brain mapping literature. BrainMap was originally conceived in 1987 and has received continuous funding from 1988 to 2004. During this time, BrainMap has consistently evolved to meet the challenges of an ever-changing field and continues to strive toward higher levels of applicability. In this article, we discuss BrainMap’s structure and utility, and relate its progress and development as a neuroinformatics tool.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Cox, R. W. (1996) AFNI: software for analysis and visualization of functional magnetic resonance neuroimages. Comput. Biomed. Res. 29, 162–173.
Fox, P. T. and Lancaster, J. L. (2002) Mapping context and content: the BrainMap model. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 3, 319–321.
Fox, P. T., Huang, A., Parsons L. M., Xiong J. H., Zamarippa F., Rainey L., Lancaster J. L. (2001) Location-probability profiles for the mouth region of human primary motor-sensory cortex: model and validation. Neuroimage 13, 196–209.
Fox, P. T., Lancaster, J. L., Parsons, L. M., Xiong, X. H., Zamarripa F. (1997) Functional volumes modeling: theory and preliminary assessment. Hum. Brain Mapp. 5, 306–311.
Gardner, D., Toga, A. W., Ascoli, G. A., et al. (2003) Towards effective and rewarding data sharing. Neuroinformatics 1, 289–296.
Laird, A. R., McMillan, K. M., Lancaster, J. L., et al. (2005) A comparison of label-based meta-analysis and activation likelihood estimation in the Stroop task. Hum. Brain Mapp., in press.
Lancaster, J. L., Woldroff, M. G., Parsons, L. M., et al. (2000) Automated Talairach atlas labels for functional brain mapping. Hum. Brain Mapp. 10, 120–131.
National Institutes of Health (2003) Final NIH statement on sharing research data. Available at: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/data sharing/index.htm.
Neumann, J., Lohmann, G., Derrfuss, J., and Yves von Cramon, D. (2005) The meta-analysis of functional imaging data using replicator dynamics. Hum. Brain Mapp., in press.
Nielsen, F. A. and Hansen, L. K. (2002) Modeling of activation data in the BrainMap database: detection of outliers. Hum. Brain Mapp. 15, 146–156.
Penny, W. D., Ashburner, J., Kiebel, S., et al. (2001) Statistical parametric mapping: An annotated bibliography. Available at http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/bib.htm.
Pittendrigh, S. and Jacobs, G. (2003) NeuroSys: a semistructured laboratory database. Neuroinformatics 1, 167–178.
Talairach, J. and Tournoux, P. (1988) Coplanar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain. Thieme Medical, New York, NY.
Turkeltaub, P. E., Eden, G. F., Jones, K. M., Zeffiro, T. A. (2002) Meta-analysis of the functional neuroanatomy of single word reading: method and validation. NeuroImage 16, 765–780.
Van Horn, J. D., Grethe, J. S., Kostelec, P., et al. (2001) The Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data Center (fMRIDC): the challenges and rewards of large-scale databasing of neuroimaging studies. Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. Lond. B 356, 1323–1339.
Xiong, J., Rao, S., Jerabek, P., et al. (2000) Intersubject variability in cortical activations during a complex language task. Neuroimage 12, 326–339.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Laird, A.R., Lancaster, J.J. & Fox, P.T. BrainMap. Neuroinform 3, 65–77 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1385/NI:3:1:065
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/NI:3:1:065