Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Promoting Physical Activity for Children’s Health

Rationale and Strategies

  • Leading Article
  • Promoting Physical Activity for Children’s Health
  • Published:
Sports Medicine Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

While the benefits of physical activity for youth are many, the specific role of exercise in promoting physical health in youth relates to the salutary effects of regular activity on life-long pathological processes that become clinically apparent in the adult years. While this concept is not easily tested by direct studies, a number of indirect pieces of information firmly support this rationale for promoting exercise habits during the paediatric years. Additional research is needed to more specifically identify the nature, frequency and duration of activity during childhood necessary for positive health outcomes. Similarly, optimal means of behavioural modification in young persons that will initiate exercise habits early in life need to be better defined.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Piaget J. Play, dreams, and imitation in childhood. New York: Free Press, 1962

  2. Parfitt G, Eston RG. The relationship between children’s habitual activity level and psychological well-being. Acta Paediatr 2005; 94: 1791–7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Ekeland E, Heian F, Hagen KB. Can exercise improve self esteem in children and young people? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Br J Sports Med 2005; 39: 792–8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Tortolero SR, Taylor WC, Murray NG. Physical activity, physical fitness and social, psychological and emotional health. In: Armstrong N, van Mechelen W, editors. Paediatric exercise science and medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000: 273–94

    Google Scholar 

  5. Blair SN, Clark DG, Cureton KJ, et al. Exercise and fitness in childhood: implications for a lifetime of health. In: Gisolfi CV, Lamb DR, editors. Perspectives in exercise science and sports medicine Vol. 2. Youth, exercise and sport. Indianapolis (IN): Benchmark Press, 1989: 401–30

    Google Scholar 

  6. Taylor ED, Theim KR, Mirch MC, et al. Orthopedic complications of overweight in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2006; 117: 2167–74

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Riddoch C. Relationships between physical activity and health in young people. In: Biddle S, Sallis J, Cavill N, editors. Young and active? Young people and health-enhancing physical activity: evidence and implications. London: Health Education Authority, 1998: 17–48

    Google Scholar 

  8. Bailey DA. Prevention of osteoporosis: a pediatric concern. In: Rippe JM, editor. Lifestyle medicine. Malden (MA): Blackwell Scientific, 1999: 578–84

    Google Scholar 

  9. Kemper HCG. Skeletal development during childhood and adolescence and the effects of physical activity. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2000; 12: 198–216

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Welten DC, Kemper HCG, Post GB, et al. Weight-bearing activity during youth is a more important factor for peak bone mass than calcium intake. J Bone Miner Res 1994; 9: 1089–96

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Bar-Or O, Rowland TW. Pediatric exercise medicine: from physiological principles to health care application. Champaign (IL): Human Kinetics Publishers, 2004: 117–38

  12. Twisk JWR, van Mechelen W, Kemper HCG, et al. The relation between ‘long term exposure’ to life style during youth and young adulthood and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. J Adolesc Health 1997; 20: 309–19

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Andersen LB, Harro M, Sardinha LB, et al. Physical activity and clustered cardiovascular risk in children: a cross-sectional study (The European Youth Heart Study). Lancet 2006; 368: 299–304

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Ward DS, Bar-Or O. Role of the physician and physical education teacher in the treatment of obesity at school. Pediatrician 1986; 13: 44–51

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Sallis JF, Patrick K. Physical activity guidelines for adolescents: consensus statement. Pediatr Exerc Sci 1994; 6: 302–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Biddle S, Cavill N, Sallis J. Policy framework for young people and health-enhancing physical activity. In: Biddle S, Sallis J, Cavill N, editors. Young and active? Young people and healthenhancing physical activity: evidence and implications. London: Health Education Authority, 1998: 3–16

    Google Scholar 

  17. Strong WB, Malina RM, Blimkie CJ, et al. Evidence-based physical activity for school-aged youth. J Pediatr 2005; 146: 719–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Health Canada. Canada’s physical activity guide for youth. Toronto: Health Canada, 2004

  19. Rowland TW. Physical activity, fitness, and children. In: Bouchard C, Blair SN, Haskell WL, editors. Physical activity and health. Champaign (IL): Human Kinetics, 2007: 259–70

    Google Scholar 

  20. Fotheringham MJ, Owen N. Applying psychological theories to promote healthy lifestyles. In: Rippe JM, editor. Lifestyle medicine. Malden (MA): Blackwell Science, 1999: 501–10

    Google Scholar 

  21. Pender NJ. Motivation for physical activity among children and adolescents. Annu Rev Nurs Res 1998; 16: 506–13

    Google Scholar 

  22. Malina RM. Tracking of physical activity and physical fitness across the lifespan. Res Q Exerc Sport 1996; 67 Suppl. 3: S48–57

    Google Scholar 

  23. Rowland TW. Exercise and children’s health. Champaign (IL): Human Kinetics, 1990: 34–6

  24. Rowland TW. The biological basis of physical activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998; 30: 392–9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Sallis JF. Age-related decline in physical activity: a synthesis of human and animal studies. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32: 1598–600

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Wilkin TJ, Mallam KM, Metcalf BS, et al. Variation in physical activity lies with the child, not his environment: evidence for an ‘activitystat’ in young children (EarlyBird 16). Int J Obes 2006; 30: 1050–5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Bouchard C, Rankinen T. Are people physically inactive because of their genes? Pres Council Phys Fitness Sports Res Digest 2006; 7: 1–8

    Google Scholar 

  28. Thorburn AW, Proietto J. Biological determinants of spontaneous physical activity. Obes Res 2000; 1: 87–94

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Olds T, Ridley K, Dollman J. Screenieboppers and extreme screenies: the place of screen time in the time budgets of 10–13 year old Australian children. Aust NZ J Public Health 2006; 30: 137–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Must A, Tybor DJ. Physical activity and sedentary behavior: a review of longitudinal studies of weight and adiposity in youth. Int J Obes 2005; 29 Suppl. 2: S84–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Janz KF, Levy S, Burns TL, et al. Fatness, physical activity, and television viewing in children during the adiposity rebound period: the Iowa Bone Development Study. Prev Med 2002; 35: 563–71

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Myers L, Strikmiller PK, Webber LS, et al. Physical and sedentary activity in school children grades 5–8: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996; 28: 852–9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Robinson TN, Hammer LD, Killen JD, et al. Does television viewing increase obesity and reduce physical activity? Crosssectional and longitudinal analyses among adolescent girls. Pediatrics 1993; 91: 273–80

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Janz KF, Burns TL, Levy SM. Tracking of activity and sedentary behaviors in childhood: the Iowa Bone Development Study. Am J Prev Med 2005; 29: 171–8

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

No sources of funding were used to assist in the preparation of this article. The author has no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Thomas W. Rowland.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Rowland, T.W. Promoting Physical Activity for Children’s Health. Sports Med 37, 929–936 (2007). https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200737110-00001

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200737110-00001

Keywords

Navigation