ORIGINAL ARTICLEEffects of High-Intensity Interval Walking Training on Physical Fitness and Blood Pressure in Middle-Aged and Older People
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PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS
Once the study protocol (Figure 1) had been approved by the Review Board on Human Experiments, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan, 246 healthy, nonsmoking middle-aged and older adults (44-78 years) with no history of cardiovascular or pulmonary diseases gave written informed consent and were enrolled in the study. Of the study participants, 60 were men and 186 were women. At first, we intended to divide participants randomly into 3 groups, each with 20 men and 62 women: no
RESULTS
Although the number of days walked per week did not significantly differ between the interval and continuous walking groups, the walking time of the interval group was only 83% of the continuous walking group (Table 1). However, despite this difference in walking time, the energy expenditure per day did not differ significantly between the 2 groups (P=.66) because the interval walking group exercised at a much higher intensity (>70% Vo2peak) than the continuous walking group.
Significantly
DISCUSSION
The major findings of this study are that high-intensity interval walking resulted in greater increases in Vo2peak and thigh muscle strength and a greater reduction in SBP than moderate-intensity continuous walking in older men and women.
We adopted 3 minutes as the walking interval because most participants could not continue to walk at the high intensity for more than 3 minutes because of fatigue. However, they recovered from this fatigue within 2 to 3 minutes, and so we adopted a regimen of a
Conclusion
High-intensity interval walking training might help protect against age-associated reductions in muscle strength and Vo2peak and increases in blood pressure. Guidelines for exercise in healthy older adults should encourage at least some higher-intensity component during walking.
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2021, Experimental GerontologyCitation Excerpt :[Lac−]p was determined from blood samples taken at rest and at the last min of each intensity during the graded cycling test (JCA-BM8000; JEOL, Tokyo) (Fig. 2). During the supplement intake period, except for the day before the graded cycling test (days 1–6), subjects were instructed to perform IWT with the goal of repeating 5 sets of fast and slow walking for 3 min each, at more than 70% and ~40% of VO2peak, respectively, per day, every day, during this period while the intensity and duration were recorded with a portable tri-axial accelerometer (JD Mate) (Morikawa et al., 2011; Nemoto et al., 2007; Yamazaki et al., 2009). After the supplement intake period, the measurements were transferred to the server computer at Shinshu University through the Internet (Masuki et al., 2020; Morikawa et al., 2011; Nose et al., 2009).
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This study was supported in part by grants from the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare (Comprehensive Research on Aging and Health), the Japan Society for Promotion of Science, and the Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry of Japan.